Home / Wireless Mobile Communications / Optical Network Concepts / Each stage of information transfer is required to follow the fundamentals of ____________

Each stage of information transfer is required to follow the fundamentals of ____________

A. Optical interconnection
B. Optical hibernation

C. Optical networking

D. Optical regeneration

Explanation: Optical networking uses optical fiber as a transmission medium. It provides a connection between users to enable them to communicate with each other by transporting information from a source to a destination.

Each stage of information transfer is required to follow the fundamentals of ____________ | Optical networking | CSS, PMS, PPSC, FPSC, KPPSC, SPSC, ISSB and NTS Past Papers | Pakistan's Largest Online Past Papers Database

Leave a comment

MCQs Menu

Past Papers

(22-06-2025) ADD# 1515 20% GK Assistant Director (STAT) BS-17 (Evening) Held on 21-09-2025 (2025)18 7D2025 (2025)15 AD Attorney (2024)19 AD Research GK 40% (12-04-2025) (2025)36 AD STAT BS-17 (Morning) Held on 21-9-2025 (2025)20 ASI Service quota (13-04-2025) (2025)48 ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE ENGINEERS / SUB DIVISIONAL OFFICER / ASSISTANT DESIGN ENGINEER / ASSISTANT DESIGN OFFICER / ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FLOOD MONITORING / ASSISTANT DIRECTOR (BS-17) (2025)20 ASSISTANT REGISTRAR GK PAPER HELD on 28-9-2025 (2025)96 Account and Audit Officer (Morning ) (13-10-2024) (2024)19 Accountant / Auditor Held on 24.02.2025 (2025)21 Accounts Officer BS-17 (25-06-2024) (2024)20 Agriculture) Held on 13-07-2024 (2024)26 Archaeology & Tourism Department - 201999 Archaeology & Tourism Department - 20191 Assistant (13-07-2025) (2025)100 Assistant BOR96 Assistant Controller-Morning 23-11-2024 (2024)30 Assistant Director (Accounts) FDA Held on 14-07-2024 (2024)18 Assistant Director (C&W) Communication and works department Held on: 08-06-2024 (2024)18 Assistant Director (HR and ADMIN) BS-17 (2025)20 Assistant Director -Evening (23-11-2024) (2024)20 Assistant Director ASF (BS-17) Batch 01 (05-08-2024) (2024)98 Assistant Director Farms/Procurement (Punjab Seed Corporation26 Assistant Director Fisheries (BS-17) (1-06-2025) (2025)22 Assistant Director LDA (27-04-2025) (2025)98 Assistant Director TEPA BS-17 (13-07-2025) (2025)99 Assistant Director Wildlife BS-17 Held on 23.02.2025 (2025)19 Assistant Director legal (24-08-2024) (2024)20 Assistant Election Commissioner (BS-17) (2025)97 Assistant Held on 07.12.2025 (2025)57 Assistant PESSI Held on 19-10-2025 (2025)99 Assistant S&GAD (Evening) Held On 01-12-2024 (2024)98 Assistant S&GAD (Evening) Held On 24-11-2024 (2024)97 Assistant S&GAD (Morning) Held On 01-12-2024 (2024)98 Assistant S&GAD (Morning) Held On 24-11-2024 (2024)98 Assistant Sub Inspector BPS-11 (BATCH-1) 08-04-2025 (2025)49 Assistant Sub Inspector PHP (09-03-2025) (2025)22 Assistant Superintendent / Deputy Superintendent Jail (GK) (2025)94 Assistant) PPSC 25-08-2024 (2024)99 Bio Medical Engineer (Labour & Resource) Held on 10-08-2024) (2024)37 CURATOR (BS-17) DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY22 Chief Officer/Municipal Officer (Regulations) Local Government & Community Develop1 Chief Officer/Municipal Officer (Regulations) Local Government & Community Development (Held on 11-08-2024) (2024)65 Clubbed (27-04-2025) (2025)96 Clubbed Case 74 – Assistant (BS-16) Various Departments – 2024 (2024)97 Clubbed Case-75 (Evening) Held on 13-07-2024 (2024)19 Clubbed Case-76 (Evening) Held on 08-06-2024 (2024)18 Clubbed Case-85 (Morning) Held on 08-06-2024 (2024)20 Clubbed Case-91(Morning) Punjab Special Education Department (10-08-2024) (2024)20 Clubbed Case-97 (Evening) Held on 13-07-2024 (2024)18 Clubbed Case-Various Post(Labour Inspector/Officer99 Clubbed ID 163 Assistant Held On 16.11.2025 (2025)93 Clubbed ID-96 (27-07-2024) (2024)20 Clubbes Case 98 – Various Posts -2024 (2024)98 Computer Instructor (BS-17) Punjab Special Education (Held on 14-07-2024) (2024)29 Concept Academy Notes7020 Data Entry Operator (BS-12) (31-05-2025) (2025)58 ENFORCEMENT OFFICER (16-03-2025) (2025)86 Educator (BS-16) Punjab Special Education Held on 13-07-2024 (2024)38 English: Combined competitive Examination 2023 Held in 2025 (2025)10 FIA - Assistant - FIA - 201898 FIA - Sub Inspector (Investigation) - FIA - 201886 G.k Portion( Sub Engineer Civil Bs-14) Dated 30-11-2024 (2024)17 G.k Portion(Horticulture Officer) Dated 30-11-2024 (2024)15 G.k Portion(Sub Engineer Mechanical Bs-14)Dated 30-11-2024 (2024)10 GK 2026158 General Knowledge P.M.S (Held On 15-12-2024) (2024)98 Hill Torrent Officer - Board of Revenue (BOR) Punjab - 202515 History PORTION (22-06-2025) (2025)22 INSTRUCTOR/LECTURER (MALE) ENGLISH (BS-17) (2024)39 Inspector (BS-16) Tourist Services (DTS)48 Inspector Cooperative (Cooperative Department) Held on 10-08-2024 (2024)96 Internal Audit Specialist (BS-16) 31-05-2025 (2025)11 Islamic Studies: Combined competitive Examination 2023 Held in 2025 (2025)20 Junior Clerk (BS-11) (1-06-2025) (2025)93 Junior Clerk (Evening) Held on 14.12.2025 (2025)89 Junior Clerk (Morning) Held on 14.12.2025 (2025)97 Junior Clerk BOR Held on 20.12.2025 (2025)86 Junior Clerk Paper BS-11 (28C2025) Held on 27-09-2025 (2025)100 Junior Computer Operator BS 11 (23-11-2024) (2024)21 Junior Computer Operator- Morning (30-11-2024) (2024)20 Junior Traffic Warden BS-11 (09-03-2025) (2025)60 Labour Officer Held On 16.11.2025 (2025)90 Lecturer Punjabi (BS-17) (Special Education Department) Held on 13-07-2024 (2024)19 Lecturer Urdu (Special Education Department) Held on 10-08-2024 (2024)18 MCQsCity - Tehsildar Naib Tehsildar15 Medical Officer (BS-17) Labour Department Held on 09-06-2024 (2024)19 Municipal Officer Gk (12-04-2025-0 (2025)17 Nutritionist-Morning (23-11-2024) (2024)20 PLANNING OFFICER (BS-17)15 PLANNING OFFICER (BS-17) GK 20% (28-06-2025) (2025)12 PLANNING OFFICER/ ASSISTANT DIRECTOR ( PLANNING) (BS-17) (2024)19 PMS Ministerial (13-04-2025) (2025)98 PMS Ministerial Qouta 2025321 PMS Ministerial Quota 202596 PPSC - ASSISTANT FOOD CONTROLLER (BS 15) 09J17J2022 - FOOD DEPARTMENT - 202381 PPSC - ACCOUNTS OFFICER (BS 16) - FINANCE DEPARTMENT - 201169 PPSC - ASI - Punjab Police (Service Quota) - 201987 PPSC - ASSISTANT (BPS 14) - PPSC - 201551 PPSC - ASSISTANT (BPS 16) - CLUBBED CASES - 20241 PPSC - ASSISTANT (BPS 16) - PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT - 201684 PPSC - ASSISTANT (BPS 16) - PPSC - 201672 PPSC - ASSISTANT AUDIT & ACCOUNTS (BPS 14) - PUNJAB FINANCE DEPARTMENT - 201146 PPSC - Accountant - Local Government & Community Development - 202094 PPSC - Assistant (BS 16) - (PESS) Labour & Human Resource Department - 20205 PPSC - Assistant (BS 16) - Board of Revenue - 20225 PPSC - Assistant (BS 16) - Chief Minister Office Overseas Pakistanis -60 PPSC - Assistant (BS 16) - Livestock & Dairy Development - 20203 PPSC - Assistant (BS 16) - PPSC - 000091 PPSC - Assistant (BS 16) - PPSC - 000172 PPSC - Assistant (BS 16) - Punjab Public Service Commission (PPSC) - 00001 PPSC - Assistant - Agricultural Department - 201846 PPSC - Assistant - Agriculture Department - 20208 PPSC - Assistant - Clubbed Cases Various Departments - 202487 PPSC - Assistant - Disaster Management Department (Board of Revenue) - 202292 PPSC - Assistant - Housing Urban Development & Public Health Engineering Department (Rawalpindi Region) - 202119 PPSC - Assistant - Labour and Human Resource - 201975 PPSC - Assistant - Lahore High Court (LHC) - 201996 PPSC - Assistant - Planning & Development Punjab - 2019100 PPSC - Assistant - Population Welfare Department - 201995 PPSC - Assistant - Provincial Disaster Management Authority (BOR) - 202129 PPSC - Assistant - Punjab Police Department - 202025 PPSC - Assistant - S&GAD Punjab - 000076 PPSC - Assistant - Services and General Administration Department (S&GAD) - 000017 PPSC - Assistant - Zakat & Usher Department - 202159 PPSC - Assistant BS 16 - (Clubbed Cases) - 202384 PPSC - Assistant BS 16 - (Clubbed Cases) - 20231 PPSC - Assistant Director (Accounts) / Lecturer Psychology 14 Jul 2024 - Higher Education Department & Others - 20249 PPSC - Assistant Director (Accounts) / Lecturer Psychology 14 Jul 2024 - Higher Education Department & Others - 20244 PPSC - Assistant Director (BS 17) - Local Government Punjab - 202099 PPSC - Assistant Director (BS 17) - Population Welfare Department - 202047 PPSC - Assistant Director - Labour & Human Resource Department Punjab - 201974 PPSC - Assistant Director - Local Govt & Community Development - 201898 PPSC - Assistant Director - Planning & Development Department (P&D) - 201998 PPSC - Assistant Director - Punjab Employees Social Security Institution (PESSI) - 201998 PPSC - Assistant Protocol Officer - Directorate General Protocol - 000094 PPSC - Assistant Sub Inspector (ASI) - Anti Corruption Department - 202095 PPSC - Assistants / Head Clerk (BS 16) - Local Government - 20205 PPSC - Caretaker (BS 14)- Lahore High Court - 2019182 PPSC - Caretaker- Lahore High Court (LHC) - 20197 PPSC - Chief Officer / Municipal Officer (BS 16) (Regulations) 11/08/2024 (Morning) - Local Government & Community Development Department - 202459 PPSC - Chief Officer / Municipal Officer (BS 16) (Regulations) 11/08/2024 (Morning) - Local Government & Community Development Department - 202410 PPSC - Corporal - Counter Terrorism Department Punjab (BS 11) - 202473 PPSC - DATA ENTRY OPERATOR (DEO) - PUNJAB POLICE DEPARTMENT - 201566 PPSC - DATA ENTRY OPERATORS (DEO) - PUNJAB POLICE DEPARTMENT - 20157 PPSC - Data Entry Operator (DEO) - Punjab Police - 20203 PPSC - Deputy Accountant (BPS 14) - Punjab Treasuries Establishment under the Finance Department - 201224 PPSC - Deputy Accountant (Evening) - Finance Department - 20191 PPSC - Deputy Accountant (Evening) - Finance Department - 201910 PPSC - Deputy Accountant (Morning) - Finance Department - 201974 PPSC - Deputy Accountant (Morning) - Finance Department - 201922 PPSC - Deputy Accountant - Finance Department - 201989 PPSC - Divisional Coach - Youth Affairs100 PPSC - EDUCATOR (BS 16) - PUNJAB SPECIAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT - 201577 PPSC - ESE General (Afternoon) - Labour & Human Resource Department - 201991 PPSC - ESE General (Evening) - Labour & Human Resource Department - 201994 PPSC - ESE General (Evening) - Labour & Human Resource Department - 20193 PPSC - Educator (BS 16) - Education Department Punjab - 202438 PPSC - Elementary School Educator (ESE) General - Labour & Human Resource Department - 201993 PPSC - FOOD GRAIN SUPERVISOR (BS 09) - FOOD DEPARTMENT PUNJAB - 202391 PPSC - FOOD GRAIN SUPERVISOR (BS 09) Paper 2 - FOOD DEPARTMENT - 202359 PPSC - FOOD GRAINS INSPECTOR (BS 12) 18J26J2022 (30/04/2023) - FOOD DEPARTMENT - 202393 PPSC - FOOD GRAINS INSPECTOR (BS 12) 18J26J2022 (30/04/2023) - FOOD DEPARTMENT - 20231 PPSC - Field Assistant - Agriculture Department - 2018100 PPSC - Field Assistant Crop Reporter - Agriculture Department - 2018100 PPSC - HEALTH EDUCATOR (BS 17) - PUNJAB DEPARTMENT - 201466 PPSC - INSTRUCTOR (BS 17) - Management and Professional Development Department - 000077 PPSC - Inspector (BS 16) - Cooperative Societies - 202482 PPSC - Inspector (BS 16) - Youth Affairs100 PPSC - Inspector - Anti Corruption Establishment - 202054 PPSC - Inspector - Cooperative Societies Department Punjab - 201983 PPSC - Inspector - Excise & Taxation (D.G Khan Region) - 000090 PPSC - Inspector - Excise & Taxation (DG Khan Region) -9 PPSC - Inspector - Excise & Taxation (Lahore Region) -10 PPSC - Inspector - Excise & Taxation Additional Directorate - 000098 PPSC - Inspector - Excise & Taxation Department - 201898 PPSC - Inspector - Excise & Taxation Region (LAHORE) - 000089 PPSC - JUNIOR CLERK (BPS 07) - PUNJAB PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION - 000020 PPSC - JUNIOR CLERK (BPS 11) - S&GAD - 201669 PPSC - JUNIOR CLERK (BPS 11) - S&GAD - 201824 PPSC - JUNIOR CLERK (BPS 11) - S&GAD - 20161 PPSC - Junior Clerk (43J2022) - Board of Revenue - 202393 PPSC - Junior Clerk (BS 11) - Anti Corruption - 202070 PPSC - Junior Clerk (BS 11) - Anti Corruption Establishment Department - 202022 PPSC - Junior Clerk - Labour & Human Resource Department - 201991 PPSC - Junior Clerk - Punjab Police Department - 201898 PPSC - Junior Clerk - Punjab Police Department - 202271 PPSC - Junior Clerk - Punjab Public Service Commission (PPSC) - 201995 PPSC - Junior Clerk - Revenue Department - 201997 PPSC - Junior Clerk - S&GAD Punjab - 20181 PPSC - Junior Clerk - S&GAD Punjab - 201998 PPSC - Junior Clerk - Services and General Administration Department Punjab (S&GAD) - 20191 PPSC - Labour Inspector (BS 14) - Labour & Human Resource Department - 201970 PPSC - Labour Inspector - Labour & Human Resource Department - 202089 PPSC - Labour Inspector - Labour and Human Resource Department - 201894 PPSC - Labour Officer - Labour & Human Resource Department - 202076 PPSC - Labour Officer - Labour and Human Resource Department - 201892 PPSC - Lecturer Computer Science IT (BS 17) - Higher Education Department Punjab - 20171 PPSC - Lecturer Computer Science IT - Higher Education Department Punjab - 201798 PPSC - Lecturer English (Male) 9 Jun 2024 - Higher Education Department - 202442 PPSC - Lecturer History (Male) - Higher Education Department - 202156 PPSC - Manager (20M2020) - AUQAF - 20201 PPSC - Monitoring & Evaluation Assistant / Field Coordinator - Punjab Employees Social Security Institution - 201998 PPSC - NAIB TEHSILDAR (ENGLISH) (BS 14) - REVENUE DEPARTMENT PUNJAB - 2022161 PPSC - NAIB TEHSILDAR (GENERAL KNOWLEDGE) (BS 14) - REVENUE DEPARTMENT PUNJAB - 202280 PPSC - PMS - PPSC - 2024360 PPSC - PMS GK - 2020 MCQs1 PPSC - PMS General Knowledge - S&GAD - 201991 PPSC - PMS General Knowledge - S&GAD - 202018 PPSC - PMS General Knowledge - S&GAD - 202289 PPSC - PMS General Knowledge - S&GAD - 20191 PPSC - PMS General Knowledge - S&GAD - 20226 PPSC - Personal Assistant & Assistant (BPS 16) - S&GAD - 202094 PPSC - Personal Staff Officer (BS 17) - S&GAD - 202074 PPSC - Planning Officer /Deputy District Officer (Planning) - Planning & Development - 201493 PPSC - Provincial Management Service (PMS) - S&GAD - 201899 PPSC - Provincial Management Service PMS (Ministerial Quota) - S&GAD - 201995 PPSC - Service Center Official - Punjab Land Record Authority - 201890 PPSC - Service Center Officials (BPS 11) - Punjab Land Record Authority - 202088 PPSC - Social Security Officer – (PESSI) Labour and Human Resource Department - 201898 PPSC - Sub Inspector (BS-14) - Transport - 201998 PPSC - Sub Inspector (Open Merit) - Punjab Police - 20223 PPSC - Sub Inspector (Service Quota) - Punjab Police - 201985 PPSC - Sub Inspector - Cooperative Societies Punjab - 201896 PPSC - Sub Inspector - Punjab Police - 201982 PPSC - Tehsildar Consolidation Officer/Hill Torrent Officer /Reader to members Board of Revenue (BS 16) - Revenue Department - 20204 PPSC - ZILADAR (14 19G2020) - Irrigation Department - 202085 PPSC - ZILADAR (Research/DLR Zone) 14.20G2020 - Irrigation Department - 202084 Pakistan Studies: Combined competitive Examination 2023 Held in 2025 (2025)10 Physiotherapist (Punjab Special Education Department) Held on: 10-08-2024 (2024)20 Program Officer (I.T) Punjab Revenue Authority Held on 26-07-2024 (2024)18 Punjab held on 13-07-2024 (2024)48 SDEO Law Paper Batch-1 Morning (2025)36 SDEO Law Paper Batch-2 Evening (2025)63 SDEO Law Paper Batch-3 Morning (2025)38 SDEO PERA GK Held on 21.12.2025 (2025)92 SOCIAL WELFARE PAPER 20%GK held on 26-04-2025 (2025)21 SPSC - Assistant Director (BS 17) - Education Department Sindh - 202350 Sports100 Sports Archaeology & Tourism Department - 2019100 Statistical Officer BS-17 (24-02-2025) (2025)14 Sub Divisional Officer (2024)19 Sub Inspector (BS-14) Held on 19-10-2025 (2025)92 System Administrator 20262539 Tehsil Dar officer G.k Screening Held on (15-12-2024) (2024)91 ZILLADAR Evening paper (29-06-2025) (2025)95 ZILLADAR Morning (29-06-2025) (2025)99 11