__________ groups often emerge in the workplace among those who share special understandings about their occupation ?

A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Out-groups
D. Formal organizations

The purpose of a reference group is to serve a(n) ?

A. Normative function by enforcing standards of conduct and belief
B. Comparison function by serving as a standard against which people can measure themselves and other
C. Elimination function by dissolving groups that no longer have a social purpose
D. Both a and b

The destructive consequences of tensions between in-groups and out-groups are stressed by ?

A. Functionalists
B. Conflict theorists
C. Interactionists
D. Classical theorists

Which of the following statements about small groups is correct ?

A. All small groups are primary groups
B. All small groups are secondary groups
C. Many small groups differ from primary groups in that they do not necessarily offer the intimate personal relationships of primary groups
D. Both b and c

Which of the following have expressed particular concern about the longevity of union leaders who are not always responsive to the needs and demands of membership ?

A. Functionalists
B. Conflict theorists
C. Interactionists
D. Classical theorists

When workers organized unions and forced management to recognize that they were not objects theorists of formal organizations began to revise the________________?

A. Classical theory
B. Scientific management approach
C. Human relations approach
D. Both a and b

Who thought that within organizations there exists an iron law of oligarchy ?

A. Max weber
B. Zygmunt bauman
C. Michel foucault
D. Robert michel’s

The number of intonational non-governmental from less than 200 at the start of the twentieth century to how many in 2006 ?

A. 5,164
B. 8,898
C. 51,509
D. 123,305

Which concept has the work of Robert Putnam helped to popularize in the social sciences ?

A. Cultural capital
B. Economic capital
C. Social capital
D. Symbolic capital

Paul du Gay’s (2000) In Praise of Bureaucracy makes two important points in defense of bureaucratic forms of organization Which two points are they? A bureaucratic ethos ?

A. Is compatible with private sector values and includes impartial and equal treatment for all
B. Ensures administrative responsibility for the public interest and includes impartial and equal treatment for all
C. Ensures that politicians goals can be met even against opposition and ensures administrative responsibility for the public interest
D. Is compatible with private sector values and ensures that politicians goals can be met even against opposition