Urbanization in preindustrial cities was restricted by_____________?

A. Reliance on animal power as a source of energy
B. The high levels of surplus produced by the agricultural sector
C. The ease of migration to the city
D. All of the above

Which of the following is not part of ecological modernization theory ?

A. Environmental protection and economic growth are incompatible aims
B. Environmental protection cannot be achieved without high tech solutions
C. An ecological form of economic growth is possible
D. Consumer demand and market mechanisms can bring about ecologically benign outcomes

Which of the following vehicles emits the most carbon per passenger per kilometer ?

A. Single-occupancy light truck
B. High-occupancy city bus
C. Long-haul aero plane
D. High-speed coal-fired train

In the on-going climate change debates which of these groups is least likely to be identified as having an interest in overemphasizing the need for global action on climate change ?

A. The media
B. Fossil fuel corporations
C. Academic climate change researchers
D. Countries such as the maldives at risk of rising sea levels

GM crops are different from anything that has existed before because ______________?

A. They are produced by techniques of cross-breeding
B. They are capable of drastically improving agricultural yields
C. They involve transplanting genes between different organisms
D. They have become front-page stories in the news everyday

For Thomas Robert Malthus the appropriate way to control population was to_____________?

A. Use artificial means of birth control
B. Postpone marriage
C. Pass legislation prohibiting families from having more than one child
D. Do all of the above

Which of the following is a criticism of the sick role ?

A. Patients judgments regarding their own state of health may be related to their gender age social class and ethnic group
B. The sick role may be more applicable to people experiencing short-term illnesses than those with recurring long-term illnesses
C. Even simple factors such as whether a person is employed or not seem to affect willingness to assume the sick role
D. All of the above

The final stage in demographic transition is marked by_______________?

A. High birthrates and death rates
B. High birthrates and low death rates
C. Low birthrates and high death rates
D. Low birthrates and low death rates

The first stage of the demographic transition is called the________________?

A. Pre-transition stage
B. Transition stage
C. Post transition stage
D. Initiation stage

According to Malthus____________?

A. Human populations tend to increase more slowly than their ability to increase the food supply.
B. Agricultural production increases in a geometric fashion.
C. People could use “moral restraint” to reduce the birth rate.
D. Famine war and pestilence are social problems that a population can overcome.