Which of the following is a rule of semiotics ?

A. All linguistic concepts evolve solely out of the responses of people within a specific historical era.
B. All linguistic and social phenomena are texts, and the object of studying these texts is to reveal the underlying codes that make them meaningful.
C. All linguistics is in some way related to class struggle.
D. All linguistics is related to history, and therefore the meaning of linguistics relies exclusively on historical context.

Trauma theory primarily developed out of the work of which psychoanalyst ?

A. Sigmund freud
B. Carl jung
C. Michel foucault
D. Jacques derrida

Which school of theorists is most closely associated with phenomenology ?

A. The moscow school
B. The chicago school
C. The frankfurt school
D. The geneva school

What is mimesis ?

A. A reversal
B. An imitation
C. A satire
D. A poetic metaphor

What does gynocriticism recommend as an approach to literature ?

A. Examining only female-authored literature more critically
B. Considering women’s literature outside of its historical context
C. Studying women’s literature for its linguistic qualities only
D. Becoming more familiar with the history of women and women’s writing

What is Christopher Ricks’s attitude toward literary theory ?

A. He considers it to be vital in order to understand literary texts.
B. He considers theory to be the only way that literary texts can be interpreted.
C. He has no misgivings about the practical usability of literary theory.
D. He feels that literary theory is ultimately too limited in scope to serve as a proper method of interpretation.

What does the term meta-language mean, according to Andrzej Warminski ?

A. A language about another language
B. A supernatural language
C. A language that does not yet constitute a real language
D. A language used by a particular marginalized group of people within a larger dominant culture

Which of the following theorists is associated with formalism ?

A. Viktor shklovsky
B. Cleanth brooks
C. Terry eagleton
D. Judith butler

Some critics of literary theory argue that literary theory is problematic for which reason ?

A. Literary theory does not offer a holistic interpretation of a text.
B. Literary theory depends on specialized knowledge that is outside the realm of literary studies.
C. Literary theory is sometimes very abstract and difficult to read.
D. All of the above.

To what idea does the ancient Greek term aporia refer in terms of deconstruction theory ?

A. The ability of a text to contain truth
B. The “undecidability” and essentially unstable nature of a text
C. The idea that a text has a specific meaning that can be understood through a process of deconstruction
D. Jacques derrida’s style of writing