In windows ____________ can be used to trace the route of the packet from the source to the destination.

A. Traceroute
B. Tracert
C. Ping
D. Locater

Explanation: Tracert is used in case of windows, whereas Traceroute in UNIX. Tracert is a program used to find the shortest route to the destination IP. The Router sends destination unreachable message if a path to the destination IP is not found.

In a simple echo-request message, the value of the sum is 01010000 01011100. Then, value of checksum is ___________

A. 10101111 10100011
B. 01010000 01011100
C. 10101111 01011100
D. 01010000 10100011

Explanation: The sender side adds the bits of the fragmented packet to find a sum. Checksum is the compliment of the sum (exchange 0’s and 1’s). The receiver then has to verify the checksum by adding the bits of the received packet to ensure that the packet is error-free.