Process Synchronization — Test 1

Correct Answer: A. A. Cooperating process
Explanation: A cooperating process can be affected by other processes executing in the system. Also it can affect other processes executing in the system. A process shares data with other processes, such a process is known as a cooperating process.

Correct Answer: B. B. Race condition
Explanation: When several processes access the same data concurrently and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which access takes place is called race condition.

Correct Answer: A. A. Mutual exclusion
Explanation: If a process is executing in its critical section, then no other processes can be executed in their critical section. This condition is called Mutual Exclusion. Critical section of the process is shared between multiple processes. If this section is executed by more than one or all of them concurrently then the outcome of this is not as per desired outcome. For this reason the critical section of the process should not be executed concurrently.

Correct Answer: C. C. Semaphore
Explanation: Semaphore is a synchronization tool. Semaphore is a mechanism which synchronizes or controls access of threads on critical resources. There are two types of semaphores i) Binary Semaphore ii) Counting Semaphore.

Correct Answer: A. A. That can not drop below zero
Explanation: A semaphore is a shared integer variable that can not drop below zero. In binary semaphore, if the value of the semaphore variable is zero that means there is a process that uses a critical resource and no other process can access the same critical resource until it is released. In Counting semaphore, if the value of the semaphore variable is zero that means there is no resource available.

Correct Answer: C. C. Both mutex locks and binary semaphores
Explanation: Mutual exclusion can be provided by both mutex locks and binary semaphore. Mutex is a short form of Mutual Exclusion. Binary semaphore also provides a mechanism for mutual exclusion. Binary semaphore behaves similar to mutex locks.

Correct Answer: A. A. Priority inversion
Explanation: When a high priority task is indirectly preempted by a medium priority task effectively inverting the relative priority of the two tasks, the scenario is called priority inversion.

Correct Answer: C. C. Both hardware and software level
Explanation: Process synchronization can be done on both hardware and software level. Critical section problems can be resolved using hardware synchronisation. But this method is not simple for implementation so software synchronization is mostly used.

Correct Answer: D. D. All of the mentioned
Explanation: A monitor is a module that encapsulates shared data structures, procedures that operate on shared data structure, synchronization between concurrent procedure invocation.

Correct Answer: A. A. A condition variable must be declared as condition
Explanation: To enable a process to wait within the monitor a condition variable must be declared as condition.