Delays Loss — Test 1

Correct Answer: D. D. All of the mentioned
Explanation: When a packet has to travel from one end system to another, it first faces the queuing delay when there are multiple packets which are to be sent, then it faces the transmission delay to convert the packet into bits to be transmitted, and then it faces the propagation delay to propagate the bits through the physical medium.

Correct Answer: A. A. 3.2
Explanation: Transmission rate = length / transmission rate = 32/10 = 3.2 microseconds.

Correct Answer: A. A. Processing delay
Explanation: Processing delay is induced at a router’s or other network processor’s end in the path of the packet and is caused by the time taken by the processor to examine the packet’s header to decide the further path of the packet.

Correct Answer: A. A. La/r
Explanation: Traffic Intensity = (Number of bits in packet * Average Transmission rate)/Current Transmission rate.

Correct Answer: B. B. 10mbps
Explanation: The throughput is generally the transmission rate of bottleneck link.

Correct Answer: C. C. N-1
Explanation: In the equation N (dproc + dtrans + dprop), N is the number of checkpoints/stops that the packet makes as it reaches the destination. The stops are made at each router and the final destination node. Now, since N = number of routers + final node, then number of routers = N – final node. As we know, there is only 1 final node in a path, thus, number of routers = N – 1. Suppose, There is a path A->R1->R2->B for a packet where A is the source node, B is the final node and R1 and R2 are routers. The total delay would be given by N (dproc + dtrans + dprop) where N = 3, since the packet would stop at R1, R2 and B. The number of routers here are 2, and (N – 1) is also 2.

Correct Answer: C. C. Dnodal = dproc + dqueue + dtrans + dprop
Explanation: The total node-to-node delay, that is, nodal delay is the sum of all, the processing delay, queuing delay, transmission delay and propagation delay. Ideally, the nodal delay must be low as possible for a better Quality of Service of the network.

Correct Answer: B. B. Distance between the routers
Explanation: Transmission delay = packet length / transmission rate. The transmission rate depends upon the bandwidth of the medium.

Correct Answer: C. C. Distance between the routers
Explanation: Propagation delay is caused when the packet is in its electric signal form and is travelling through a medium (a wire or a electromagnetic wave). Propagation delay is the time it takes a bit to propagate from one router to the next. If the distance between the routers is increased, it will take longer time to propagate, that is, there would be more propagation delay.